/CreatorInfo << But performance measures (such as the new Progress 8) have now become impenetrable to most parents so may not even be helpful for exercising choice. 112 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: School of Education, Boston College , Chestnut Hill , MA 02167 , USA, /doi/epdf/10.1080/0969594970040207?needAccess=true, Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health. 30 0 obj /ExtGState << 0000017863 00000 n /Contents 267 0 R /Font << /StructParents 82 /Parent 2 0 R /Font << /Parent 11 0 R /Type /Pages /ExtGState << >> << The idea of applying the market to something that isnt a market has bedevilled this policy from the start, says Phillips. >> Education Reform Act 1988. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The New Rights 1988 Education Reform Act put in place the policies which aimed to achieve the goal of raising standards. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Contents 260 0 R >> /TT1 121 0 R /Resources << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. /Resources << /Parent 12 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 The 1988 Education Reform Act was based on the principles of making schools more competitive (marketisation) and giving parents choice (parentocracy). >> /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R >> /Font << /MarkInfo << Specifically, it highlights the complexity of the development and 'implementation' of the National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) and addresses the issues of . /TT1 226 0 R 25 0 obj >> << /Resources << endobj /TT0 120 0 R /ExtGState << /TT3 159 0 R /Properties << /Properties << >> << /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /MC0 129 0 R /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page >> >> endstream endobj 58 0 obj < :>x)/P -44/R 2/U($AA;KSE)/V 1>> endobj 59 0 obj <> endobj 60 0 obj <> endobj 61 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/Properties<>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 62 0 obj <> endobj 63 0 obj <> endobj 64 0 obj <> endobj 65 0 obj [/ICCBased 83 0 R] endobj 66 0 obj [/Separation/PANTONE#20Red#20032#20C 65 0 R 84 0 R] endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <> endobj 69 0 obj <. /Resources << /StructParents 80 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The New Rights theory was that marketisation would improve efficiency in schools, which should automatically be achieved by making schools more competitive 0 therefore reducing the education budget. endobj /Contents [117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Although the number of these class-rooms has declined recently, many educa- /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Contents 277 0 R >> /TT2 121 0 R A science . << /StructParents 64 >> /Resources << /ExtGState << /GS0 125 0 R /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Metadata 6 0 R A market is always going to have winners and losers. /ExtGState << >> >> Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations. /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 18 /StructParents 26 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> >> /ExtGState << Also, just because powerful governments have expanded marketisation on a global scale, this doesnt necessarily mean it works for everyone, and there are plenty of criticisms of the negative consequences of the 1988 Education Act as below, Below I summarize EIGHT criticisms of the 1988 Education Act, Concern has been expressed over the harmful effects of over-testing on pupils, especially younger pupils. Which type of school you ended up attending was decided by the 11+ examination, as ever this process had its advantages as well as its disadvantages: Advantages the brightest 15% - 20% went to grammar schools meaning /SubType /HF /Type /Page /Font << /TT2 159 0 R endobj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /Resources << History. >> /Parent 13 0 R /TT1 121 0 R << /LetterspaceFlags 0 endobj >> /Parent 2 0 R << /Font << /Parent 14 0 R /ExtGState << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Properties << The benefits of inclusion are many. /TT1 226 0 R >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> << /Type /Page 180 0 R 181 0 R 182 0 R 183 0 R 184 0 R 185 0 R 186 0 R 187 0 R 188 0 R 189 0 R >> >> /TT2 159 0 R And while many more young people are staying on to higher level qualifications than 30 years ago, and gaps in attainment by social group are starting to narrow, around 11% of 16- 24-year-olds are still not in employment, education or training. /MC0 129 0 R /Font << (NB another aim of the New Right in education was to ensure that education equipped children with the skills for work, thus contributing to economic growth). Also from SAGE Publishing. /TT0 120 0 R /TT2 159 0 R /TT0 120 0 R startxref /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /StructParents 50 /TT0 120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Thirty years on we may be ready for another all-encompassing Education Reform Act. /GS0 125 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Type /Page /Font << >> endobj /Rotate 0 << /Properties << endobj /Font << /Type /Page /Contents 297 0 R >> /Parent 15 0 R >> 106 0 obj >> /Contents 271 0 R >> << << >> >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << /TT1 121 0 R >> /Type /Page /Contents 266 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MC0 129 0 R /ExtGState << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /MC0 129 0 R >> /Properties << /ExtGState << >> /Parent 14 0 R What the sociologists call the parentocracy doesnt really exist in places where there are two rather than 20 local schools.. /TT0 120 0 R /TT0 120 0 R Did the schools market deliver? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1944 Education Act (Butler Act), Comprehensive schooling 1965, Advantages and Disadvantages of comprehensive schools and more. /ExtGState << /TT1 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << /Dest [108 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] /StructParents 4 110 0 obj /TT1 121 0 R /Resources << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MC0 129 0 R /Title /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 43 >> 1965-1980: Promoting Equity in Access to Educational Opportunities 1981-1988: The Push for Educational Excellence 1989-1992: The Rise of Standards-Based Reform The education received throughout a childhood determines how the future will be for the new generation. /Properties << Phillips, who seriously considered academy conversion for his school but decided to stay within Lambeth local authority, believes the innovative instincts behind the early academies have evaporated in the rush for mass academisation. Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> 114 0 obj >> endobj 0000001818 00000 n /StructParents 72 >> /StructParents 1 >> The head, Gary Phillips, has turned the school around. /Parent 14 0 R >> The 1988 Education reform act was one of the most notable and significantly developed legislation since the last radical regulation, the education act of 1944. . /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /TT2 121 0 R It is the most significant policy that students need to be able to understand and evaluate within the education module for A-level sociology. >> >> /Parent 17 0 R /Properties << endobj /Properties << /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R << 0 /Names [ 309 0 R] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj /TT1 226 0 R /StructParents 41 /Prev 113 0 R /Parent 3 0 R /Type /Page OFSTED Raised standard because a poor inspection could result in new management being imposed on underperforming schools. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page /Title /Count 10 /TT1 121 0 R 45 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R /TT2 226 0 R << /Rotate 0 /Font << >> Also, faith schools were allowed to select on the basis of faith. /Resources << /TT3 159 0 R /ExtGState << /Properties << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> 107 0 obj /GS0 125 0 R >> /Contents 242 0 R /Properties << /TT0 120 0 R /Type /Page The Education Reform Act (1988): introduced the national curriculum, league tables, and standardised testing. << >> 76 0 obj /TT2 121 0 R << The law provides subsidies ("premium tax credits") to customers with incomes ranging from 100% to 400% of the federal poverty threshold (FPL). /Properties << /Type /Page >> >> 51 0 obj >> 806 8067 22, Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE, WJEC AS Sociology - Education Policies Notes, [AQA] Unit 2 Sociology - Education: The Reform Act 1988, AQA Sociology Unit 2 Education and Research Methods Forum , How many names + dates should I learn for Sociology AS (AQA)? /Contents 130 0 R It was this that then set the scene for successful schools to be able to expand and failing schools to collapse (and, following further policy changes later on under New Labour and other successive governments) to be taken over by successful schools. >> /StructParents 61 /PageElement << 64 0 obj /TT1 226 0 R /StructParents 55 In the U.S. healthcare system, medical professionals are not employed by the government.Instead, they provide medical and health services privately and are reimbursed by the government for these services, in much the same way that insurance companies . /Type /Page 0000000994 00000 n /Font << /Contents 300 0 R /Contents 227 0 R >> Theoretical shortcomings of the thesis are identified, and a reformulated version is suggested which incorporates resistances into the analysis of the education system. /Font << /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 15 0 R The better performing schools will attract more pupils and more funding and be able to expand. ERIC is an online library of education research and information, sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. /TT1 159 0 R endobj /Rotate 0 >> /TT0 120 0 R Probably the strongest piece of supporting evidence for the New Rights policies on education is that they have worked to improve GCSE results nearly every year for the last 30 years. /Properties << >> endobj /TT1 121 0 R /Type /Page /TT0 120 0 R 35 0 obj /TT1 121 0 R /Rotate 0 >> Gage, N.L. >> They might in fact give extra money (in per pupil terms) to schools which were struggling to attract students in order to help them improve. >> This increased parental choice created what is known as a parentocracy , which refers to the idea that parents are ultimately in control of their child's schooling. /StructParents 89 endobj /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 54 /Resources << /Rotate 0 /ExtGState << << /StructParents 38 /Parent 9 0 R /Type /Page The complex interaction between choice, admissions practices, house price and performance measures has led to segregation typified by schools with radically different profiles from their local communities. >> /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 6 endobj Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? >> >> Many of the features of today's education system - from academies to league tables - have their origins in the 1988 Education Reform Act. /Font << /Dest [108 0 R /XYZ 0 697 null] /Type /Page /Font << Because so many people do not have an education, when they get older, it is damaging their life and the world as a whole. /ExtGState << 41 0 obj /Title /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page >> /Resources << /Parent 16 0 R >> /Resources << It is usually the benefits of education that are extolled from time to time and there is much strength in that argument since the one thing that separates man from animals is the ability to advance knowledge and expertise from . << /GS0 125 0 R %%EOF >> >> /Rotate 0 >> Parent choice and competition had barely registered on the national consciousness. endobj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /Rotate 0 87 0 obj Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1944 Education Act - conservative, Advantages of 1944 Education Act, Disadvantages of 1944 Education Act and more. /GS0 125 0 R /Font << The government stipulated some criteria (children with siblings already at the school got preference for example, and those closest to the school also got preference) but eventually the government allowed some schools to become specialist schools where they were allowed to select 10% of their intake due to aptitude in a particular subject maths, music or sport for example. /TT2 226 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /ExtGState << /Properties << >> 46 0 obj /GS0 125 0 R The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. It provided Three Core Subjects, Maths, English and Science, and Seven Foundation Subjects, Art, Music, Technology, History, Geography, A modern Foreign Language, and PE. 84 0 obj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 2 0 R 22 0 obj because classrooms contain students of all abilities, brighter pupils are held-back as the weaker learners catch-up, a problem critics says grammar schools don't have. >> << << /TT0 120 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Length 3936 /Parent 14 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] There are too many bad case studies, often academy chains, being passed around and places where people dont want to work.. /Filter /FlateDecode endobj /Resources << Private schools have always operated on these principles they charge fees and compete with each other for customers. >> 31 0 obj /GS0 125 0 R >> /GS0 125 0 R 0000029468 00000 n /Properties << /Properties << Was the ERA a success or a failure? /Type /Page << /Font << /GS0 125 0 R >> >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /TT1 121 0 R /S /D The debate on traditional Chinese characters and simplified Chinese characters is an ongoing dispute concerning Chinese orthography among users of Chinese characters. endobj endobj /ExtGState << /Contents 284 0 R Recently the Bright Tribe academy trust has been in the news over transactions with companies linked to the trusts founder. /TT1 121 0 R >> >> /TT1 159 0 R /StructParents 75 Freedom of choice. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /Rotate 0 /TT2 226 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Contents 241 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj endobj endobj 7 0 obj >> The main impact of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 is in establishing a Supreme Court as the highest appeal court. >> /StructParents 77 /Type /Page The New Right believed that state schools should also be run like this except that it is the government that funds the schools, not the fee-paying parents. >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] endobj An Act to amend the law relating to education. /StructParents 32 /StructParents 5 /TT1 226 0 R 101 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Count 10 /Resources << /GS0 125 0 R >> 85 0 obj >> /Type /Page When Phillips took over at Lilian Baylis in the late 1990s, the school was in the doldrums. /TT0 120 0 R << >> /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R Three types of schools were established by 1944 Education Act - grammar schools; technical schools and secondary modern schools. /C2_0 232 0 R /Rotate 0 /Properties << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 226 0 R /Properties << /StructParents 35 For instance, public policy decisions can be made by looking at decreasing state-administered tests in public schools if deficiencies in a particular subject are patent. /MC0 129 0 R /Resources << /StructParents 66 /TT1 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << /Font << >> >> Go compare-style websites ranking local schools are taken for granted. >> >> <]>> /MC0 129 0 R >> /Contents 230 0 R << /Contents 273 0 R /TT1 121 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R Stories of poor financial management, even corrupt practices, in the independent state school sector persist. >> >> /Parent 2 0 R /TT0 120 0 R 0000052072 00000 n 58 0 obj >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] This is achieved through making schools compete with one another for pupils and government funding, in the same way in which businesses compete with each other for customers, sales and profits. /TT0 120 0 R Government healthcare refers to government funding of healthcare services via direct payments to doctors, hospitals, and other providers. My own conclusions for what is needed now include reform of school admissions and a broader definition of what we mean by success, one that goes beyond simple test and exam results. >> >> >> endobj /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 13 0 R >> /Type /Metadata One recent 2018 survey of primary school teachers found that more than 90% of primary school teachers think SATS impact negatively on their pupils well-being. Copyright Get Revising 2023 all rights reserved. The 1988 Education Reform Act was based on the principles of making schools more competitive (marketisation) and giving parents choice (parentocracy). /MC0 129 0 R 67 0 obj /Font << /MC0 129 0 R /TT1 226 0 R Education Reform Act 1988 Learning Objectives: To understand the main changes that occurred in 1988 29. /ExtGState << >> << /Marked true /Type /Pages H[F)NR/RgaUZU-eI|a c;93mo2w7D!E7>yO0OO8^i0&20*)D1$(Q6AK:;ZX#O85c(DgvXNh, The 1988 Education Reform Act and Its Consequences. Sheldon Berman, Beyond discord: Resolving the tensions between charter and pu. /GS0 125 0 R 82 0 obj /Resources << /StructParents 86 >> /Parent 16 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << /Parent 9 0 R >> /Font << /Properties << /GS0 125 0 R /MC0 129 0 R >> /StructParents 59 /Rotate 0 endobj /Rotate 0 To make this word schools have been required to publish a prospectus which includes their examination and test results since 1988. /TT3 121 0 R >> /Parent 16 0 R /Prev 18 0 R >> It has significantly influenced the policies of the UK Conservative Party and is a set of political beliefs about how the country should be run. 44 0 obj /Count 10 /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 67 /MC0 129 0 R /Type /Pages /Properties << << Finally, the principle of competition has been applied internationally, in the form of the PISA league tables. A science class at Lilian Baylis school, which is rated outstanding. /Type /Page However, state-governed evaluations may soon come to an end. /GS0 125 0 R << >> /Font << >> 80 0 obj /Contents 293 0 R endobj 52 0 obj >> /Properties << /TT1 121 0 R /TT1 121 0 R >> >> endobj /Rotate 0 For example, if a school is guaranteed the 500 local children will attend their school their would be minimal competition between schools i.e. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 17 0 R 2. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Get Revising is one of the trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. Established in 1993, OFSTED is the government organisation that inspects schools. /Resources << /Type /Page /Parent 15 0 R /Rotate 0 /TT1 231 0 R 96 0 obj >> CQ Library American political resources opens in new tab; Data Planet A universe of data opens in new tab; SAGE Business Cases Real-world cases at your fingertips opens in new tab; SAGE Campus Online skills and methods courses opens in new tab; SAGE Knowledge The ultimate social science library opens in new tab; SAGE Research Methods The ultimate methods library . /Next 114 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /TT3 159 0 R As the marketplace stabilized, some companies returned, and others continue to expand . 18 0 obj >> 3099067 endobj Children can choose schools according to their preferences. >> 62 0 obj /Rotate 0 endobj >> /GS0 125 0 R /Kids [62 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R] A considerable area of cultivable waste land and private forests . >> /TT1 121 0 R << /StructParents 73 48 0 obj >> /TT0 120 0 R /TT2 159 0 R /StructParents 25 /Font << /StructParents 29 /TT0 120 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Resources << >> From 1980 parents were allowed to express a preference for the school they wanted to send their children too, the first time parents were realistically able to consider sending their children to schools miles away from where they lived. /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 14 0 R The advantages and disadvantages of the above mentioned land reforms are as follows: Abolition of intermediaries: The abolition of intermediaries has led to the end of a parasite class. 3 0 obj /Parent 9 0 R 17 0 obj /ExtGState << /Font << /Properties << /GS0 125 0 R By 3 August 1944 the . Weaknesses. >> >> /Rotate 0 >> /Contents 228 0 R /StructParents 81 /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 17 /TT1 121 0 R /Type /Page The 1988 Education Reform Act introduced a National Curriculum, which was a return to traditional subjects similar to the old Grammar school Model. /MC0 129 0 R /Font << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /RBGroups [] endobj >> The English schools hierarchy is as powerful as ever, with some choices only available to a select group of parents who can afford hefty fees, move to the catchment of a successful school, or pay for costly private tuition to pass high-stakes entrance exams. >> /TT0 120 0 R >> endobj /Parent 10 0 R /MC0 129 0 R 32 0 obj /Type /Page /OCProperties << >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 0000001418 00000 n However, in recent years, some schools have discontinued their multiage programs due to the grade-level standards and testing requirements imposed by the No Child Left Behind Act and most states' accountability laws. /Parent 3 0 R /TT0 120 0 R << /Contents 268 0 R /Parent 13 0 R /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 226 0 R /ExtGState << /Resources << >> /Count 10 0000003657 00000 n endobj >> 81 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R 0000035523 00000 n /TT2 226 0 R >> 66 0 obj Focusing on exam results and league table position causes stress for pupils as more pressure is put on them to perform well in SATS. 13 0 obj 74 0 obj >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /ExtGState << /C2_0 292 0 R /Parent 17 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Information in this post was derived from a selection of the main A-level sociology text books. /Parent 16 0 R /Resources << /Rotate 0 >> /TT0 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Parent 9 0 R /Resources << >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The advantages and disadvantages of education although seemingly quite clear can be explored to quite a detailed level. >> >> << /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 34 In that situation, the children of the poor are most likely to suffer.. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MC0 129 0 R 90 0 obj <>stream /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 /Contents 286 0 R /Kids [52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R] /Rotate 0 endobj 53 0 obj >> /TT3 159 0 R >> /StructParents 78 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R] /MC0 129 0 R It firmly placed education in the marketplace, a process that began in the early 1980s under Mrs Margaret . >> >> /Rotate 0 /ExtGState << >> /Resources << /Font << /MC0 129 0 R << /GS0 125 0 R /Resources << /Rotate 0 List of the Pros of Federal Involvement in Education. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 58 90 0 obj /Properties << /Font << >> /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Subtype /XML /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R /Font << endobj /GS0 125 0 R << /Parent 2 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 88 /Contents 246 0 R /Next 307 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Font << << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page >> /TT2 226 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Resources << /Type /Page /Properties << /Order [] >> 89 0 obj >> /TT0 120 0 R >> >> /ExtGState << This benefits special education students and general education students alike. /Parent 16 0 R >> /Type /Page /Parent 13 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj /Type /Page 1. The Education Reform Act, 1988, has been greeted as an ill wind by many sections of the educational establishment. endobj However, the disadvantages would also have to be taken into consideration as it is still unfair for the working class families, there are many aspect which contribute to this . /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 85 >> QUALITY education is viewed as any country's pillar of success. 29 0 obj >> /Contents 264 0 R /Nums [0 21 0 R] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> /ExtGState << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Type /Page /MarkedPDF << /Type /Pages By Cyril John Barlongo. /TT2 226 0 R Theres also the fact that no successive government has actually changed the fundamental foundations of the act, which suggests its working. /TT1 226 0 R Better local oversight of schools and stronger incentives for local collaboration, rather than national chains cherry picking little groups of schools, would be Phillips priorities. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> 92 0 obj /Parent 10 0 R << The biggest of these changes were the 'marketisation' of education and the introduction of the 'new vocationalism', which . >> /MC0 129 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 306 0 R /TT3 121 0 R >> hen Gary Phillips started his career as a young teacher, the education world was a radically different place. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page. 2 The Affordable Care Act, or "ACA," is a national health-care reform bill that was passed in March 2010. /Font << >> /Contents 289 0 R endobj The twentieth anniversary of the 1988 Education Reform Act [1] provides an opportunity to assess two decades of unprecedented political centralisation of education in the United Kingdom. /Font << 113 0 obj /ExtGState << We considered a variety of . >> >> /Font << Those who get an education have higher incomes, have more opportunities in their lives, and tend to be healthier. 83 0 obj << /TT0 120 0 R >> /Parent 12 0 R /TT2 121 0 R >> >> Educational disadvantage is demonstrated in many ways, most often in poor levels of participation and achievement in the . << /GS0 125 0 R 0000019248 00000 n /Font << /Parent 15 0 R 86 0 obj >> /Properties << >> /ExtGState << >> << 19 0 obj >> /StructParents 28 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] It shows how an informed educational philosophy helps us respond to . >> /ExtGState << /Type /Page The Education Reform Act of 1988 gave the government the authority to control the programme of study at schools and established a . After 30 years of 'go compare', English education is a wild west. /MC0 129 0 R Security Through Biometric Authentication: One . >> << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Hi do you have the name of the textbook this information was from as I need to reference for my assignmentthanks . >> /GS0 125 0 R /Rotate 0 >> << endobj >> 0000004437 00000 n /Font << /Parent 10 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /Type /Page >> /Type /Page /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> << Situated in one of the most deprived parts of the country, it was propelled into the national headlines when the former cabinet minister and local parent Oliver Letwin proclaimed at a Tory party conference fringe meeting that he would rather beg on the streets than send his children to the school closest to where he lived. << /Font << 20 0 obj >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] endobj >> /Properties << /MC0 129 0 R Schools that provide parents and pupils with what they want such as good exam results will thrive. We will write a custom Essay on Evaluation of Advantages and Disadvantages of Approaches to Curriculum Design specifically for you . /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /Parent 13 0 R The 1988 Education Reform Act and Its Consequences Tuomo Ruotanen /Type /Page >> >> /Type /Pages >> /Parent 15 0 R /Rotate 0 /GS0 125 0 R %PDF-1.4 endobj >> /TT0 120 0 R endobj /ExtGState << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << >> /Contents 295 0 R 70 0 obj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R The Education Reform Act of 1988 kickstarted the marketisation of education by applying market forces to education, promoting competition, and increasing parental choice. >> /Resources << >> << Thirty years ago, a single piece of legislation transformed the schools landscape, launching a national curriculum and key-stage testing, and devolving power from local authorities to heads. >> /Properties << >> /Contents 221 0 R Following ARE THE Advantaged and Disadvantaged of New Education Policy 2020. 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